PESA (Percutaneous Epididymal Sperm Aspiration)

PESA (Percutaneous Epididymal Sperm Aspiration) is a minimally invasive procedure to retrieve sperm directly from the epididymis—the structure where sperm mature and are stored. It is most commonly used when sperm are produced but blocked from entering the ejaculate (obstructive azoospermia).

Fertility / pesa

PESA (Percutaneous Epididymal Sperm Aspiration)

Sperm retrieval for selected male-factor conditions

What PESA does

Using a fine needle, sperm are aspirated from the epididymis and assessed by the laboratory. When viable sperm are found, they can be used for assisted reproduction, most commonly IVF with ICSI (intracytoplasmic sperm injection).

Who may need PESA

PESA may be recommended when semen analysis shows no sperm and evaluation suggests a blockage rather than a production problem.

• Obstructive azoospermia (no sperm in ejaculate due to blockage)
• Prior vasectomy or suspected obstruction of the reproductive tract
• Congenital absence of the vas deferens (case-dependent evaluation)
• Failed sperm retrieval from ejaculate on the day of treatment
• When the fertility plan involves IVF/ICSI

Step-by-step process

Pre-procedure evaluation

We review semen analysis, hormone results, and examination findings to confirm whether obstructive azoospermia is likely and whether PESA is appropriate.

Procedure day preparation

We explain anaesthesia options (often local anaesthesia) and aftercare. You may be advised about medications and activity restrictions.

Sperm aspiration

A fine needle is used to aspirate fluid from the epididymis. The sample is immediately assessed by the embryology/lab team for sperm presence and quality.

Use or storage

Retrieved sperm may be used the same day for ICSI or cryopreserved for future use, depending on the treatment plan.

Benefits & success factors

• Minimally invasive sperm retrieval option
• Often effective for obstructive azoospermia
• Can support IVF/ICSI when sperm are not present in ejaculate
• May allow sperm freezing for future cycles when appropriate

Risks or considerations

• Temporary discomfort, bruising, or swelling can occur
• Small risk of bleeding or infection
• Sperm retrieval is not guaranteed in every case
• May not be the best option if sperm production is impaired (non-obstructive azoospermia)

Why choose Enjab Medical Centre

We use careful evaluation to select the right retrieval technique and coordinate closely with the laboratory and fertility team for a safe, well-planned procedure.

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Appropriate case selection and counselling

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Coordinated care with assisted reproduction planning

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Clear aftercare guidance and follow-up

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UAE-compliant standards and patient privacy

FAQs

What is the difference between PESA and TESA?

PESA retrieves sperm from the epididymis, while TESA retrieves sperm directly from the testicle. The best option depends on whether the issue is blockage or sperm production.

Is PESA painful?

Most patients feel mild to moderate discomfort. Local anaesthesia is commonly used, and we provide aftercare advice to manage soreness.

Can retrieved sperm be frozen?

In many cases, yes. If adequate sperm are obtained, cryopreservation may be possible depending on quality and the treatment plan.

Do I need IVF/ICSI after PESA?

Typically, yes. Epididymal sperm are most commonly used with IVF and ICSI because sperm counts from retrieval may be limited.

How long is recovery?

Recovery is usually quick. Mild swelling or discomfort can last a few days. We advise on activity restrictions and when to return to normal routines.

Is sperm retrieval always successful?

Success depends on the underlying condition. In obstructive azoospermia, retrieval is often successful, but it cannot be guaranteed for every individual.